Hi the trail starts thus, Air intake to filter box then in to MAF which registers the air temp coming in, the filter element is made of a cotton/paper mix with a porous surface of microscopic holes, thousands of them, when the material is past its best the engine vacuum will be greater than normal to reach its optimum flow rate this in turn deforms the pores in the filter material thus allowing larger parts of foreign matter into the air intake which then goes through the MAF sticking to the diode surface which as I said is constantly heating and cooling the bigger particles of matter will heat up and burn the diode surface which is covered in a heat proof lacquer which perforates and gives false readings, the last line of defence is the MAP sensor which picks up the extra air from the leak and reports that the MAF sensor readings are corrupted and the ECU needs to up rate the duration of the duty cycle of injection [more diesel] to cope withe the extra air it has logged, allied to the lost boost pressure this creates an over fuel situation which is what clogs the DPF, BTW if an air leak exists or boost pressure is lost the ECU suspends the regeneration process that naturally occurs as a safety protocol until the sensors have sorted out the communication problem this is to stop emissions from going up further, the situation you describe with petrol engines only existed with carburettor fuelled engines as the carb fuel flow rate was not monitored by the ECU where as the advent of fuel injection gave the ECU the facility to raise or lower injection cycles, most petrol engines from the early nineties with a blocked air filter would show a code for airflow threshold lower than expected and an EML, that came on when the ECU had exhausted its paramiters for cutting injection amounts, the MAF is upstream this designation is made from the calculation that the airflow comes into the box is filtered then passed to the MAF which creates circular used air into the turbine this stops air friction from warming the air as it travels in whilst creating negative vacuum to pull the crankcase gas through the system into the turbo intake, where boost pressure is lost the crank gasses do not mix efficiently with the intake air and start to atomise properly which also clogs the intercooler and DPF.
Steve